Matters needing attention and maintenance in operation of hydraulic system (non-standard hydraulic equipment)

Matters needing attention and maintenance in the operation of hydraulic system (non-standard hydraulic equipment) : 1. Mechanical operation should be gentle and smooth. Mechanical operation should avoid roughness, otherwise it will inevitably produce impact load, frequent mechanical faults and greatly shorten the service life. The impact load generated during operation, on the one hand, causes early wear, fracture and breakage of mechanical structural parts, and on the other hand, causes impact pressure in the hydraulic system, which will cause damage to hydraulic components, premature failure of oil seal and pressure of high-pressure oil pipe joint and rubber pipe, oil leakage or pipe explosion, and oil temperature rise of frequent action of relief valve. My unit once bought a shovel excavator newly, in the operation every 4 ~ 6 days the oil pipe of the bucket door is about to leak oil or burst, the oil pipe is the pure product of random import, through detection, there is no quality problem. Through field observation, it was found that it was caused by strong impact on the limit block and door frame when the doumen door opened and closed. To effectively avoid impact loads: strict operation procedures must be followed; The hydraulic valve should not be opened or closed too quickly. Avoid strong impact when the working device members move to the limit position; Hydraulic equipment without impact function cannot use working device (such as bucket of excavator) to impact the working object violently in order to achieve the purpose of crushing.

There's another caveat: The operator needs to be stable. Because the free clearance of each equipment control system has a certain difference, the joint wear degree is different and its clearance is different, the size of the output of the engine and hydraulic system is not the same, these factors give the personality of the equipment. Only the operator who USES the equipment gropes carefully and corrects his operation action to adapt to the personality of the equipment. After a long period of work, the operator can develop a good operation habit in line with the personality of the equipment. General machinery industry adhere to the fixed mechanism, which is also one of the factors.

2, to pay attention to cavitation and overflow noise operation should always pay attention to the sound of the hydraulic pump and overflow valve, if the hydraulic pump "cavitation" noise, after the exhaust can not be eliminated, should find out the reasons for troubleshooting before use. If an actuator operates slowly when not under load and the overflow valve makes a noise, it shall be stopped immediately for maintenance.

3. Strictly implement the shift shift system. When the shift drivers park the machinery, they should ensure the safety and accurate oil level during the inspection of the shift drivers. Whether the system leaks, looses the connection, whether the piston rod and the hydraulic hose are damaged, whether the low pressure inlet pipe of the hydraulic pump is connected reliably, whether the oil level of the oil tank is correct, etc., are the key points of the inspection of the hydraulic system by the succeeding driver. Atmospheric oil tank should also check and clean the air hole of the oil tank to keep it unblocked, in case that the air hole is blocked and causes the vacuum of the oil tank, and the hydraulic oil pump is damaged due to the difficulty of oil absorption.

4. It is generally advisable to keep the working temperature of the oil temperature hydraulic system within 30 ~ 80℃ (danger temperature ≥100℃). High oil temperature in hydraulic system will lead to: oil viscosity decrease, easy to cause leakage, efficiency decline; The strength of lubricating oil film decreases and the mechanical wear is accelerated. Carbide and silt formation; Oil oxidation accelerates oil deterioration. Oil seal, high pressure hose premature aging, etc. To avoid excessive temperature: Do not overload for a long time; Pay attention to the radiator fin is not contaminated by oil, in order to prevent dust adhesion affect the heat dissipation effect; Maintain a sufficient amount of oil to facilitate the circulation of heat; Hot summer do not work all day, to avoid the high temperature time at noon. When the oil temperature is too low, the oil viscosity is large, the fluidity is poor, the resistance is big, the working efficiency is low; When the oil temperature is lower than 20℃, sharp turning is easy to damage hydraulic motors, valves, pipes, etc. At this time, it is necessary to warm up the engine and start the engine. After running at no load and idle speed for 3 ~ 5min, the engine speed should be increased with medium speed throttle. The control handle should make any action of the working device (such as excavator bucket) reach the limit position, and keep it for 3 ~ 5min to make the hydraulic oil rise through overflow. If the oil temperature is lower, it is necessary to increase the running time of the heating machine appropriately.

5, hydraulic tank pressure and oil volume control pressure tank in the work should always pay attention to the pressure tank, the pressure must be kept in the random "Operation manual" specified within the scope. If the pressure is too low and the oil pump is not enough, it is easy to be damaged. If the pressure is too high, the hydraulic system will leak oil and the low-pressure oil pipeline will burst. For the equipment after maintenance and oil change, after exhausting the air in the system, check the oil level state according to the random "Operation Manual", stop the machine in a flat place, and check the oil level again after engine shut off for 15 minutes, and supplement it if necessary.

6. Other precautions: Prevent flying stones from hitting hydraulic cylinders, piston rods, hydraulic tubing and other components in the operation. If there are small points on the piston rod injury, it should be timely use oil stone around the small point edge to grind, in order to prevent damage to the piston rod sealing device, in the case of no oil leakage can continue to use. Continuous stop in more than 24 hours of equipment, before starting, to the hydraulic pump oil, in order to prevent the hydraulic pump dry wear and damage.

Maintenance items: 1, the existing engineering machinery hydraulic system in the regular service considerations set intelligent device, the device for hydraulic system some hazard warning function, but its monitoring scope and degree has certain limitations, so the hydraulic system of inspection maintenance intelligent device monitoring results should be combined with regular inspection and maintenance.